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15 (1.02�C4.53), 4.59 (1.22�C17.24), and 5.74 (1.60�C20.56), respectively). Patients who started ART with a CD4 cell count above 350/mm3 were able to interrupt treatment for long periods without a high absolute risk of either AIDS or severe non-AIDS morbidity/mortality. A high PBMC HIV DNA level at TI was a strong predictor for more rapid treatment resumption. Sotrastaurin J. Med. Virol. 82:1819�C1828, 2010. ?2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. ""A correlation between hepatitis A virus (HAV) genomes and the clinical severity of hepatitis A has not been established. The viral load in sera of hepatitis A patients was examined to determine the possible association between hepatitis A severity and HAV replication. One hundred sixty-four serum samples from 91 Japanese patients with sporadic hepatitis A, comprising 11 patients with fulminant hepatitis, 10 with severe acute hepatitis, and 70 with self-limited acute hepatitis, were tested for HAV RNA. The sera included 83 serial samples from 20 patients. Viral load was measured by real-time RT-PCR. The detection rates of HAV RNA from fulminant, severe acute, and acute hepatitis were 10/11 (91%), 10/10 (100%), and 55/70 (79%), respectively. Mean values of HAV RNA at admission were 3.48?��?1.30?logcopies/ml in fulminant, 4.19?��?1.03 in severe acute, and 2.65?��?1.64 in acute hepatitis. Patients with severe infection such as fulminant hepatitis and severe acute hepatitis had higher initial viral Hedgehog antagonist load than patients with less severe infection (P?Mdm2 HAV RNA was detectable quantitatively in the majority of the sera of hepatitis A cases during the early convalescent phase by real-time PCR. Higher initial viral replication was found in severely infected patients. An excessive host immune response might follow, reducing the viral load rapidly as a result of the destruction of large numbers of HAV-infected hepatocytes, and in turn severe disease might be induced. J. Med. Virol. 83:201�C207, 2011. ? 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. ""Hospital-based surveillance of acute gastroenteritis caused by rotavirus has produced ample knowledge on the infection in children, whereas little is known on rotavirus infection among adults. The Italian surveillance program RotaNet-Italia collected 1,595 samples from patients admitted to hospital with gastroenteritis in 2012. All patients presented with vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and/or abdominal pain. Forty-two samples obtained by the RotaNet-Italia (2.6%) were from adolescents or adults (10�C89 years). The study compared the genotypes and gene sequences of the rotavirus strains identified in adults with strains obtained from children worldwide.
