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Objective The aim of our study was to identify a bacterial strain that is protective in murine allergy models and to determine if microbial induction of T regulatory cells was associated with protection from allergic inflammation. Methods Three microbes (Bifidobacterium breve AH1205, B. longum AH1206 and Lactobacillus salivarius AH102) of human origin were fed to newborn, adult and germ-free animals. Induction of Foxp3+ T regulatory cells was assessed by flow cytometry. Gene array analysis was performed on http://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIBF1120.html Peyer's patches. Strains were also examined for their protective effects in the ovalbumin (OVA) respiratory allergy model and the OVA-cholera toxin dietary allergy model. Results Bifidobacterium longum AH1206 consumption resulted in increased numbers of Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in infant, adult and germ-free animals. B. breve AH1205 induced Foxp3+ T regulatory cell expansion only in infant mice while L. salivarius AH102 did not alter T regulatory cell numbers in any animal model tested. B. longum AH1206 reduced the Peyer's patch gene expression associated with antigen presentation, TLR signalling and cytokine production while increasing the expression of genes associated with retinoic acid metabolism. B. longum AH1206 protected against airway inflammation in OVA-sensitized animals and B. longum AH1206 blocked the induction of IgE to orally administered OVA. Neither B. breve AH1205 nor L. salivarius AH102 had a protective effect in either model. Conclusion Bacterial strain-specific induction of Foxp3+ T regulatory cells in vivo learn more is associated with protection from respiratory and oral allergy. Cite this as: A. Lyons, D. O'Mahony, F. O'Brien, J. MacSharry, Megestrol Acetate B. Sheil, M. Ceddia, W. M.Russell, P. ForsytheJ. Bienenstock, B. Kiely, F. Shanahan and L. O'Mahony, Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 2010 (40) 811�C819. ""The principle aim of this study was to describe the variability of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) concentrations over 10?months in children with and without asthma. FENO was measured on six occasions at 2-month intervals in a community-based cohort of children with and without asthma. There were 178 children recruited, 47 had asthma, mean age 9.6?yr. A total of 851 FENO measurements were made. The change in FENO values was positively associated with the initial FENO concentration (p?
