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3. End points The primary end points of the analysis included cardiac events, cardiac deaths, and all-cause mortality after nephrectomy. Cardiac events included myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack, percutaneous coronary intervention, coronary artery bypass graft surgery, cerebrovascular disease, and hospitalization for the diagnosis of acute angina, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, or peripheral vascular disease [12]. Cancer-specific mortality was attributed to patients with evidence of renal cell cancer progression before death, and other cancer-specific mortality was attributed to patients with evidence of cancer progression before death. Cardiovascular-related deaths included deaths attributed to ischemic heart disease, congestive heart disease, ischemic stroke, and peripheral vascular disease, whereas patient deaths by other causes were classified as other-cause AG-14361 mouse Histone demethylase mortality. Follow-up and all-cause mortality data were available through December 2013. Survival duration was calculated as the interval between the date of the surgical procedure and the date of mortality or last follow-up examination. 4. Statistical analyses Parametric data are shown as the mean��standard deviation. The Student t-test was used to compare continuous parametric data, and the chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used to compare the indicated data according to treatment type (RN vs. PN) and covariates. Overall survival and cardiac events were estimated by using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate all-cause mortality and cardiac events. Adjustments for prespecified clinical characteristics (e.g., age, sex, VX-809 order American Society of Anesthesiologists score) were performed by using Cox proportional-hazards modeling. Associations are provided as hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). All statistical tests were two-tailed, with p-values
