There was significantly higher amount of bacteria in compost as compared to the soil
Sequences of CCF of E. andrei and E. fetida had been acquired and the alignment did not demonstrate any significant differences in the amino acid sequence (information not proven). This shut similarity of CCF molecules is in accordance with the small variations in the cytolytic action of the coelomic fluids. Lysozyme-like activity is another antimicrobial house of the earthworm coelomic fluid [four,24]. We assessed the lysozyme-like action in the coelomic fluids of both species and no variances in the activity ended up observed. Additionally, the sequence of E. fetida lysozyme gene was attained and aligned with previously described sequence of E. andrei and the alignment of equally sequences confirmed a high amount of homology of these molecules (data not revealed). Likewise, we did not notice any considerable variations in the proteolytic activity of the coelomic fluid of E. andrei and E. fetida that could influence a correct prophenoloxidase cascade activation [25] or other immunodefense pathways [26]. It need to be noted that microorganisms type a considerable part of the earthworm diet regime [27] and as a result, proteases and lysozyme perform an crucial part as digestive/nutritional enzymes in the intestine [28]. Taken with each other, the previously mentioned mentioned biological activities assessed in the coelomic fluid of both species are quite comparable and accordingly, the major structures of the effector molecules (CCF and lysozyme) are very homologous. Nonetheless, antibacterial action of the coelomic fluid is mediated by a variety of proteins. Interestingly, some of these An infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 causes a continual, progressive and eventually lethal impairment of immune purpose in humans [1] proteins cause hemolysis of different erythrocytes of vertebrates. This hemolytic action was 1st described by Du Pasquier [29] and afterwards on, some of these proteins had been characterised at the molecular degree [6,seven,thirty], even so a last classification of all hemolytic proteins remains unresolved. In 2006, the presence of two distinct genes with a higher level of homology coding for fetidin and lysenin was documented (Proché¶kovet al. 2006). The existence of DNA coding for both proteins at the genomic and cDNA amounts was observed in all analyzed earthworms suggesting that fetidin and lysenin do not result from posttranscriptional splicing or other modifications of the transcript. Because Eisenia earthworms are regarded as as diploid animals with 22 chromosomes [31,32], the possibility that the two proteins are encoded by different alleles of one particular gene is not possible simply because all tested folks would have to be heterozygotes. Right here we show that the hemolytic action of E. andrei coelomic fluid is significantly greater as in contrast to that one of E. fetida. Variances in the hemolytic action of the coelomic fluid of equally species led us to search for some chance of the quantification of hemolytic variables. Higher variability of hemolytic patterns and differences in the expression of fetidin and lysenins in Eisenia have been formerly observed [33].
