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We defined three main phylogroups that are closely related to marine and thermophilic species of the genus. These phylogroups were neither specific to a given aquatic system nor to a particular salinity. Phylogenetic reconstruction indicated Selleck Autophagy inhibitor the presence of several small clusters within the phylogroups. These clusters consisted of isolates predominantly retrieved from sediment or water. Unifrac and AdaptML analyses confirmed this observation, pointing towards a clear pattern of differentiation linked to either sediment or water habitats. Our results are in line with the concept that niche differentiation is one of the main factors shaping prokaryotic populations and leading to evolutionary divergence. ""5342" "To test hypotheses about the contributions of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine [which serve as biological markers of life stress through sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activation], delay discounting and their interaction to the prediction of drug use among young African American adults. A 1-year prospective study that involved assessment of SNS activity and collection of self-report data involving delay discounting and drug use. Rural communities in the southeastern United States. A total of 456 African Americans who were 19 years of age at the beginning of the study. At age 19, participants provided overnight urine voids that were assayed for epinephrine and norepinephrine. Participants were also assessed for hyperbolic temporal discounting functions (k) and drug use. At age 20, the participants again reported their drug use. PRDX5 Tariquidar order Linear regression analyses revealed that (i) catecholamine levels at age 19 forecast increases in drug use [B?=?0.087, P?