Ten Constructive Approaches In order to Keep Away From Afatinib Troubles

In addition to increases in tumor size, there were increases in the prevalence of moderately or poorly differentiated HCC, HCC with infiltrative growth, and microscopic portal vein invasion as the number of elevated tumor markers increased, all of which indicate the progressive nature of HCC. Thus, these tumor markers reflect HCC progression in terms of pathologic features as well as findings on imaging studies. Table 4 Morphological tumor progression based on pathologic examination according to the number of elevated tumor markers (n=173) [44] Predicting Survival of Patients with HCC Based on Tumor Markers Figure ?Figure22 shows the survival rates after HCC diagnosis according PTPRJ to elevations in each tumor marker. The survival rate in patients with any elevated tumor marker was significantly lower than that in patients without any elevated tumor markers (pDasatinib mw been associated with higher recurrence and lower survival rates [47,48]. Fig. 2 Patient survival according to the presence of tumor marker elevation. pProtein Tyrosine Kinase inhibitor Despite the weak association between HCC progression and AFP elevation, the survival rate is lower in patients with AFP elevation. Previous studies have found a higher incidence of HCC in patients with elevated AFP [49,50]. Therefore, AFP elevation may reflect the potential risk of HCC development in the background liver more strongly than it reflects HCC progression. Elevations of combinations of these three tumor markers further discriminate the survival of patients with HCC (fig. ?(fig.3).3). According to our previous analysis, the number of elevated tumor markers is associated with patient survival after diagnosis independent of remnant liver function (i.e., Child-Pugh class) and treatment modalities used [43]. Fig. 3 Patient survival according to the number of the elevated tumor markers [43]. 0 vs. 1, p=0.0181; 1 vs. 2, p=0.0141; 2 vs. 3, p