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In general, two or three BCs (from two or three different sites) were obtained in adult patients and only one pair in paediatric patients. BCs were processed according to routine methods using the semi-automatic culture detector (Bactec 9240; Bactec Plus Aerobic/F, Becton Dickinson Microbiology Systems). When the BC was flagged as positive and the Gram stain demonstrated the presence of a yeast, a subculture was performed in ChromAgar. The yeasts were identified using the API ID 32C (bioM��rieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France) [14, 15]. Minimal time to positivity was defined as the time elapsed from the introduction of peripheral BCs in the incubating machine to the moment the first bottle turned positive with Candida. Differential time Otenabant to positivity consisted of obtaining blood through all available catheter lumens and through a peripheral vein in order to compare the MTTP of each sample. According to the clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infections, catheter-related bacteraemia is defined as the growth of a microorganism from a blood sample drawn from a catheter lumen at least 2?h before the same microorganism is detected in a blood sample obtained from a peripheral vein [5]. We assessed the number of peripheral BCs obtained and those that turned positive in both C-RC and NC-RC. Catheter tips were cultured using the this website semiquantitative roll-plate technique according to IDSA guidelines [5, 13]. We recorded the following data: total number of BCs obtained, number of BCs with Candida, MTTP in both aerobic and anaerobic bottles and DTTP in patients with BC obtained both from a peripheral vein and from catheter lumens. All patients with confirmed C-RC episodes were considered cases and patients with NC-RC were considered controls. We performed separate analyses for adult and paediatric patients. In some cases, a sub-analysis was performed MI-773 research buy for yeast species. Each variable was compared between patients with C-RC and NC-RC. We performed the following analyses: a normality test (Kolmogorov�CSmirnov with Lilliefors significance correction) for quantitative variables (MTTP and DTTP); two-tailed t-test for normally distributed variables; two-tailed Mann�CWhitney test for non-normally distributed variables; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis to detect suitable values for predicting C-RC; and two-tailed Fisher exact test to analyse the value of the number of positive BCs with Candida. A p value?