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Methods?We assessed the temporary effects of single dose of indacaterol (150?��g) in COPD patients using oscillometry and spirometry (before and 15, 60 and 180 minutes after inhalation), and also assessed improvement of symptoms using COPD assessment test (CAT) more than two weeks after treatment of indacaterol. Results?First, we evaluated the temporary effects up to 180 minutes physiologically. In seven patients, FEV1 showed significant increase and maximum improvement at 15 minutes after inhalation (p?Megestrol Acetate maximum improvement at 15 minutes (p?check details vs. baseline), though respiratory impedance did not show significant changes. Next, we assessed changes of FEV1 and CAT score more than two weeks after add-on treatment. A total of 21 patients, which include former subjects (n?=?10), were investigated. Both FEV1 and CAT score showed significant improvement (1.05?L [0.89, 1.21] to 1.13?L [0.96, 1.31], 19.4 [16.3, 22.4] to 15.8 [13.0, 18.7], respectively. p?Selleckchem BIBF-1120 significantly improved compared with pretreatment values. Conclusion?Physiological indices improved in different time course by single dose of indacaterol. This result may reflect characteristics of indacaterol that is early onset and long duration of bronchodilation. In clinical settings, regular treatment of indacaterol represented significant benefit even in add-on therapy in COPD patients. YOSHIO NAKAHARA, HIROYUKI TANIGUCHI, YASUHIRO KONDOH, TOMOKI KIMURA, KENSUKE KATAOKA, TOSHIAKI MATSUDA, TOSHIKI YOKOYAMA Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Tosei General Hospital, Seto, Aichi, Japan Background and Aim of Study?COPD assessment test (CAT) is a useful tool to evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of COPD outpatient. Although the ECLIPSE study showed that HRQOL is a predictive factor of acute exacerbation in addition to a history of prior exacerbations, it is little known whether CAT score predicts acute exacerbation of COPD. We aimed to investigate the influence of CAT scores on incidence of acute exacerbation of COPD. Methods?We enrolled 287 COPD outpatients in our hospital and observed them for 1 year.