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Variables not associated with the square root of NT proBNP concentration were age (R?=?0��088, P?=?0��433), creatinine (R?=?0��205, P?=?0��071), heart rate (R?=?0��05, P?=?0��662), bodyweight (R?=?0��203, P?=?0��069) and SBP (R?=?0��082, P?=?0��458). The association between square root of NT proBNP and creatinine was also assessed with the exclusion of one cat because of the latter's extreme creatinine value (394??mol/L); however, the results remained non-significant (R?=?0��145, P?=?0��209). Response to treatment: Data from 61 cats were available for evaluation of the response to treatment. The length of time between pre- and post-treatment evaluations was 35 (28, 70) days and the length of time that the cats were on treatment before the post-treatment sample was 28 (22, 42) days. Total T4, heart rate, SBP and PCV all decreased and bodyweight and creatinine concentrations increased with treatment as detailed in Table?2. Establishment of euthyroidism was associated Dolutegravir in vivo with a statistically significant decline in NT-proBNP learn more (P?CAPNS1 serum NT-proBNP concentration (Schultz and others 2004, Arikan and others 2007, Ertugrul and others 2009). Additionally, successful treatment of hyperthyroidism in these patients resulted in a significant decrease in serum NT-proBNP concentration (Schultz and others 2004, Ertugrul and others 2009), and, importantly, it was established that this decrease was a direct result of the normalisation of thyroid status and could not be explained by other confounders that could influence NP concentration. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain the relationship between NP concentration and thyroid status. Evidence from rat models indicates that thyroid hormones influence NP concentration by directly modulating transcription of the peptides (Liang and others 2003). Alternatively, thyroid function may indirectly affect NP concentrations by altering cardiovascular haemodynamics, specifically by decreasing peripheral vascular resistance and increasing plasma volume and cardiac output (Klein and Danzi 2007). The present study was not designed to distinguish between these two hypotheses and it is possible that NP concentration is influenced both directly and indirectly by thyroid function. The findings from this study have important clinical implications. The effect of thyroid function on NP concentration should be considered when using NT-proBNP concentration in the assessment of heart disease in elderly cats.

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