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, Sparks, MD, USA). The species were identified using the API-32C system (bioMerieux Vitek, Inc., St. Louis, MI, USA). Antifungal susceptibility testing of isolates of Candida spp. was performed by the reference broth microdilution method described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute [14]. Appropriate antifungal treatment was considered when the treatment was started within 48?h from the first blood culture performed [8]. Survival or crude mortality was registered as outcome up until 30?days from the occurrence of the episode of candidaemia. The study was approved by the local institutional review board (Comitato Etico, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria San Martino) and written patient consent was not required because of the observational Epigenetics inhibitor nature of this study. All patients diagnosed with candidaemia between January 2008 and December 2010 were included in the study. Of all patients hospitalized during the study period with a diagnosis of candidemia, 133/348 (38%) were admitted to an IMW. Mean age and standard deviation were 73.2?��?14.8?years; 81 (60%) were male and 52 (30%) female. As summarized in Table?1, compared with IMWs the other hospital wards had a significantly lower mean age (73.2?��?14.8 vs. 64.1?��?15.3?years, respectively, p?Transducin (102/208, 49%). Demographics, risk factors see more associated with development of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) and Candida species distribution were compared between IMWs and other hospital wards (Table?1). The overall number of C.?albicans (CA) and C.?non albicans (CNA) was similar and equally distributed between IMWs and other wards, with CA accounting for 47.4% and 50.5%, respectively. Higher percentages of C.?kruzei were reported in other wards compared with IMWs. C.?tropicalis is more frequent in IMWs. Variables that were associated with the internal medicine setting compared with other wards included the receipt of antibiotic therapy within 1?month prior to hospitalization, placement of a urinary catheter or central venous catheter, parenteral nutrition, the presence of a solid tumuor and age above 75?years (Table?1). Overall, 30-day mortality of IMW patients was significantly higher than that of patients in other wards (51.1% vs. 38.2%, respectively; p?