The Hedgehog inhibitor Shop Dash Panel Widget
Different orientations were created by rotating the stimulus in increments of 14�� along the picture plane. Orientations were presented in a random order throughout each trial with the constraint that orientations could not vary by more than 180�� within any given trial. During each of the four 60-s trials, orientations ranged between 0�� and 180��, 90�� and 270��, 180�� and 360��, or 270�� and 90��, respectively (randomly ordered). Before each trial, an attention-getter (looming star SKAP1 with sound effect) was presented centrally until the infant oriented to it; the remainder of each trial took place in silence. The position of the mirror stream alternated between the left and right side of the screen across trials, counterbalancing for side on the first trial across infants. Object Preference Task Infants were presented find protocol with two 30-s trials of the object preference task. The task included the image of a doll and a toy truck (see Figure ?Figure2),2), each measuring approximately 15.5 cm �� 13 cm, presented on the left and right sides of the screen and positioned approximately 61 cm apart. The image of each object subtended approximately 12.5�� �� 10.5�� of visual angle (with a separation of 41�� of visual angle between objects). Both objects jittered slightly (?1.5 cm per 100 ms). As in the mental rotation task, each trial began with an attention-getter (looming star with sound effect). The remainder of the trial took place in silence. Left/right position alternated across the trials, with initial side counterbalanced across infants. FIGURE 2 Stimuli used in the object preference task. Images of a doll and a toy truck were presented simultaneously on the left and right sides of a frontal screen. Video Coding High quality find more videos of each infant were saved digitally. A trained observer blind to the experimental stimuli coded all videos at a frame rate of 30 frames per second. A random sample (25%) of videos was coded by a second observer. Inter-observer reliability was high for both tasks (Pearson��s rs > 0.9). Results Mental Rotation Task To account for variability in overall attention, we calculated the proportion of time infants spent looking to the mirror stream as a function of their total looking time to both streams [i.e., mirror stream/(mirror stream + non-mirror stream)] across the four trials. Scores greater than 0.50 indicate a preference for the mirror stream relative to the non-mirror stream. In an initial analysis, we found that infants preferred the mirror stream (M = 0.55, SD = 0.06) significantly more than would be expected by chance, t(55) = 6.25, p
