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Water was dispensed into quadruplicate initial, light and dark BOD bottles, and then incubated for 24 h (48 h in the case of LM respiration 2002�C2004) suspended under similar in situ temperature and light conditions in ML off the AWRI pier at 1 m depth (Biddanda et al., 2008). NP and R estimates were obtained from changes in dissolved oxygen in light and dark incubations, respectively. Winkler titrations for the determination of dissolved oxygen were carried out directly in 300 mL BOD bottles using a Radiometer TitraLab(R) 860 automatic titrator with potentiometric endpoint detection using a combined platinum Ag/AgCl reference electrode (Biddanda et al., 2001; Gran��li and Graneli, 1991). Data from a minimum of three replicates were used for calculations, [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/GDC-0449.html Smoothened inhibitor] with the most outlying fourth replicate removed from the data set resulting in significantly reduced percent coefficient of variation (P [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinapyramine Quinapyramine] total precipitation, river [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/MS-275.html MS-275 order] discharge and daily average photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). With temperature, for example, GP, R and NP were plotted against their corresponding water temperatures to find how metabolism reacted to varying water temperature. Associated r2 values were calculated for the best appropriate relationship attainable from trial plots, linear, exponential or polynomial regressions. Chl a concentrations at the various sites were determined through a variety of methods. As measurement of chl a was not part of the original study, available data were gathered at the time of the final analysis. So the years and sites mentioned below were the only periods for which chl a data were available. The 2006 chl a value was taken with a Hydrolab (R) (OTT Hydromet) directly at the sample site from the water surface. The 2010 summer surface chl a data for LM were obtained from sensors towed behind vessels (H. Vanderploeg personal communication, NOAA). 2011�C2013 ML chl a concentrations were obtained from the ML Observatory (MLO; www.gvsu.edu/buoy). The chl a data were averaged from the MLO's 2 m sensor for the 24-h period in which the BOD bottle incubations were performed.