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5 of glomerular filtration rate (GFR)>30) Active coronary artery disease (event in the past 12?months) History of CVA in the past 12?months Presence of a drug-eluting stent Colour blindness Leukaemia or any active cancer Coagulopathy based on admission laboratory values (international normalised ratio (INR)>1.4, partial thromboplastin time (PTT)>1.4�� normal, platelets  sex; birth date; height and weight; mechanism of injury; time from injury to presentation to our institution; American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification; Charlson Comorbidity Index; and comorbidities including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, peripheral [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/umi-77.html UMI-77 chemical structure] vascular disease, dementia, hypertension and history of smoking. The haemoglobin and haematocrit will be recorded at the time of admission and on the morning of surgery. Blinding After consent and enrolment in the study, patients will be stratified based on type of hip fracture (intracapsular or extracapsular). Following stratification by fracture type, the institution's investigational pharmacist will perform the randomisation and assign the patient to either receive TXA or placebo. Patients will be randomised in blocks of 20. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSCD4 CYTH4] The packaging of the injections will be performed by the investigational pharmacy and will be identical for TXA and placebo. All patients and clinicians, with the exception of the pharmacist, will remain blinded until the data is analysed. Intervention The patients randomised to the treatment arm will receive 1?g of intravenous TXA mixed in 100?cc of saline, bolused at the time of surgical incision. Those assigned to the placebo group will receive an equivalent volume bolus of saline at the time of surgical incision. Patients with intertrochanteric hip fractures will be treated with a long intramedullary hip screw implant with [http://www.selleckchem.com/products/BIBF1120.html Nintedanib solubility dmso] a trochanteric start point. Patients with displaced femoral neck fractures will be treated with a cemented or non-cemented hemiarthroplasty or THA at the discretion of the treating surgeon. All surgeries will be supervised by the attending surgeon with the assistance of orthopaedic residents. The surgical technique as well as the anaesthetic technique (regional vs general anaesthesia) will be recorded and assessed in the final analysis. The time from injury to surgery will also be recorded and included in the analysis. Blood transfusion criteria will remain consistent with hospital standards (Hb